Amakuru yasohotsena komisiyo ishinzwe kugenzura ingufu z’ingufu (FERC) ivuga ko amasoko y’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu (izuba, umuyaga, biomass, geothermal, hydropower) yiganjemo amashanyarazi mashya y’amashanyarazi yo muri Amerika mu gice cya mbere cy’umwaka wa 2020, nk’uko isesengura ryakozwe na SUN DAY Campaign ribitangaza.
Hamwe na hamwe, bangana na 57.14% cyangwa 7,859 MW kuri 13,753 MW yubushobozi bushya bwiyongereye mugice cya mbere cya 2020.
Raporo ya FERC iheruka gusohora buri kwezi “Ivugurura ry'Ibikorwa Remezo by'ingufu” (hamwe n'amakuru kugeza ku ya 30 Kamena 2020) iragaragaza kandi ko gaze gasanzwe ingana na 42.67% (MW 5.869 MW) yose hamwe, hamwe n'intererano ntoya yatanzwe n'amakara (MW 20) hamwe n’andi masoko (” 5 MW) gutanga impirimbanyi.Kuva mu ntangiriro z'umwaka, nta bushobozi bushya bwiyongereyeho peteroli, ingufu za kirimbuzi cyangwa ingufu za geothermal.
Muri MW 1,013 z'amashanyarazi mashya yongerewe muri Kamena gusa yatanzwe n'izuba (609 MW), umuyaga (MW 380) hamwe n'amashanyarazi (24 MW).Harimo umushinga wa 300 MW MW Prospero Solar mu Ntara ya Andrews, muri Texas hamwe n’umushinga wa 121.9 MW MW Wagular Solar mu Ntara ya Brazoria.
Amashanyarazi ashobora kuvugururwa ubu angana na 23.04% yubushobozi rusange bw’igihugu bwashyizweho kandi bukomeza kwagura amakara (20.19%).Ubushobozi bwo kubyara umuyaga nizuba gusa ubu bingana na 13.08% byigihugu cyose kandi ntabwo bikubiyemo izuba ryakwirakwijwe (hejuru yinzu).
Mu myaka itanu ishize, FERC yatangaje ko ingufu zose zashyizwemo ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu zingana na 17.27% by’igihugu cyose hamwe n’umuyaga kuri 5.84% (ubu 9.13%) n’izuba kuri 1.08% (ubu ni 3.95%).Mu myaka itanu ishize, umuyaga w’umuyaga w’ubushobozi bwo kubyara igihugu wiyongereyeho hafi 60% mu gihe izuba riva hafi inshuro enye.
Ugereranije, muri Kamena 2015, umugabane w’amakara wari 26.83% (ubu 20.19%), nucleaire yari 9.2% (ubu 8,68%) naho peteroli yari 3.87% (ubu 3.29%).Gazi isanzwe yerekanye iterambere iryo ariryo ryose ridasubirwaho, ryagutse mu buryo bworoheje kuva ku mugabane wa 42,66% mu myaka itanu ishize rigera kuri 44,63%.
Byongeye kandi, amakuru ya FERC yerekana ko umugabane w’ibishobora kongera ingufu mu gutanga umusaruro uri mu nzira yo kwiyongera ku buryo bugaragara mu myaka itatu iri imbere, bitarenze muri Kamena 2023. “Birashoboka cyane” ubushobozi bw’amashanyarazi yiyongera ku muyaga, ukuyemo ikiruhuko cy’izabukuru giteganijwe, byerekana ko hateganijwe kwiyongera 27,226 MW mu gihe izuba riteganijwe kwiyongera kuri MW 26.748.
Ugereranije, ubwiyongere bwa gaze gasanzwe buzaba MW 19.897 gusa.Rero, umuyaga nizuba biteganijwe ko buri kimwe gitanga byibuze kimwe cya gatatu cyingufu zitanga ingufu kuruta gaze naturel mumyaka itatu iri imbere.
Mu gihe ingufu z'amashanyarazi, geothermal, na biyomass nazo zose ziteganijwe kuzamuka mu ntera (MW 2,056, MW 178, na MW 113), biteganijwe ko ingufu z'amakara na peteroli zizagabanuka, kuri MW 22.398 na MW 4.359.FERC ivuga ko nta bushobozi bushya bw'amakara mu miyoboro mu myaka itatu iri imbere na MW 4 gusa z'ubushobozi bushya bushingiye kuri peteroli.Biteganijwe ko ingufu za kirimbuzi zidahinduka cyane, ukongeraho net ya MW 2.
Muri rusange, kuvanga ibivugururwa byose bizongerera GW zirenga 56.3 z'amashanyarazi mashya y’amashanyarazi mu gihugu cyose muri Kamena 2023 mu gihe ubushobozi bushya buteganijwe kongerwaho gaze gasanzwe, amakara, peteroli ndetse n’ingufu za kirimbuzi hamwe bizagabanuka rwose 6.9 GW.
Niba iyi mibare ifashe, mu myaka itatu iri imbere, ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu zigomba kuba zirenze kimwe cya kane cy’ibicuruzwa byose byashyizwe ahagaragara.
Umugabane mushya ushobora kuba mwinshi.Mu mwaka umwe nigice gishize, FERC yagiye yongerera ingufu ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu muri raporo zayo za buri kwezi "Ibikorwa Remezo".Kurugero, amezi atandatu ashize muri raporo yayo yo mu Kuboza 2019, FERC iteganya ko izamuka ry’umusaruro mu myaka itatu iri imbere ya MW 48.254 MW ku masoko y’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, MW 8.067 ugereranije n’uko byari byateganijwe.
Umuyobozi mukuru wa SUN DAY Campaign, Ken Bossong yagize ati: "Mu gihe ikibazo cya coronavirus ku isi cyadindije umuvuduko w’iterambere ryabo, ibivugururwa, cyane cyane umuyaga n’izuba, bikomeje kwagura uruhare rwabo mu kongera amashanyarazi mu gihugu."Ati: "Kandi uko ibiciro by'amashanyarazi akomoka ku bundi bushya ndetse no kubika ingufu bigenda bigabanuka, iyo nzira yo kwiyongera isa nkaho yihuta."
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-04-2020