Imirasire y'izuba, amatafari y'izuba, ibisenge by'izuba - ibyo ubita byose - birongeye bigezweho hamwe no gutangaza “imisumari ”ibicuruzwa biva muri GAF Ingufu. Ibicuruzwa mubyubatswe-bikoreshwa cyangwa byubatswe-bifotora bifotora(BIPV) icyiciroyisoko fata imirasire yizuba hanyuma uyihuze mubice bito bito bifatanye nigisenge cyo guturamo kumurongo muto ugereranije nizuba gakondo ryashizweho nizuba.
Igitekerezo cyibicuruzwa bikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba byabayeho kuva izuba ryatangira ubwabyo, ariko byageragejwe cyane mu myaka icumi ishize. Imirongo isezerana izuba riva (nka Power ya Dow's Powerhouse) ryananiwe ahanini kubera kubura umuyoboro wubushakashatsi wifuza kugera hejuru yinzu hamwe nibicuruzwa bitanga izuba.
Tesla yagiye yiga ibi bigoye hamwe nigisenge cyayo cyose cyo kugerageza izuba. Imirasire y'izuba ntabwo buri gihe imenyereye ibikenewe byo gusakara, kandi ibisenge gakondo ntabwo bimenyereye guhuza amabati y'ibirahure kugirango bibyare amashanyarazi. Ibi byasabye Tesla kwiga kuguruka, ashinzwe gucunga buri mushinga aho kugabanuka.
Umuyobozi mukuru w'ikigo cyitwa SunTegra, Oliver Koehler yagize ati: "Imirasire y'izuba ni ikintu buri wese ashimishwa, ariko ibyo Tesla akora biragoye cyane." Ati: "Niba utekereza gusimbuza igisenge cyose, ntabwo ari izuba gusa - biragoye cyane. Ntabwo ari ikintu cyo kugereranya izuba ryifuza ndetse no kubigiramo uruhare."
Niyo mpamvu ibigo byatsinze cyane bikundaSunTegra, ituma imirasire y'izuba ishyirwaho ifatanije na shitingi gakondo ya asfalt cyangwa amabati ya beto, byatumye ibicuruzwa byabo byo gusakara izuba mubunini bimenyerewe cyane kubisenge ndetse nabashyiraho izuba, kandi bigera kubaturage kugirango babone ubumenyi bwo kwishyiriraho.
SunTegra ikora amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba 110-W hamwe n’amatafari y’izuba 70-W kuva mu 2014 kandi yishingikiriza ku itsinda rito ry’abacuruzi babiherewe uburenganzira bwo kuzuza ibyumba by’izuba bigera kuri 50 buri mwaka, cyane cyane mu majyaruguru y’iburasirazuba bwa ba nyir'amazu yo mu rwego rwo hejuru.
Koehler yagize ati: "Dufite inzira nyinshi zidakora mu buryo busanzwe [usibye] kuba dufite urubuga rwacu hanze. Ba nyir'amazu benshi bakunda izuba ariko ntibakunda byanze bikunze imirasire y'izuba. Ikibazo kuri twe ni gute ushobora guhaza icyo cyifuzo". Ati: "Imirasire y'izuba n'amatafari biracyari icyuho, ariko birashobora kuba igice kinini cy'isoko. Ibiciro bigomba kumanuka ndetse n'uburyo bihuza n’izuba risanzwe ry’izuba bigomba kugenda byoroha bivuye ku bicuruzwa ndetse no ku bicuruzwa."
SunTegra irashobora gutsinda hamwe nibikorwa byayo byoroheje byo kwishyiriraho, ariko ibanga nyaryo ryo kuzamura isoko ryizuba ryizuba ni ukubona imirasire yizuba kumazu menshi yo murwego rwo hagati binyuze mumiyoboro isanzwe yo gusakara. Imbere ibiri muri iri siganwa ni igisenge kinini ibihangange GAF na CertainTeed, nubwo babitsa ibicuruzwa bitandukanye.
Kwibanda ku gisenge kuruta izuba
Imirasire y'izuba ifite uburambe-nyabwo kwisi ni ibicuruzwa bya Apollo II bivaUrubuga runaka. Ku isoko kuva mu 2013, Apollo irashobora gushyirwaho hejuru ya shitingi ya asfalt ndetse no hejuru ya tile ya tile (hamwe nigisenge cya shitingi na shitingi). Mark Stevens, umuyobozi w’ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba ya CertainTeed, yavuze ko inganda zishobora kwitega igisekuru kizaza mu mwaka utaha, ariko kuri ubu izuba ry’izuba rya Apollo II riza kuri 77 W, rikoresheje imirongo ibiri irindwi.
Aho gutwikira igisenge cyose hamwe nizuba ryizuba, CertainTeed ituma izuba ryayo rigera kuri 46- kuri 14-muri. kandi yemerera ubunini busanzwe bwaTeded-marike ya asifalt kugirango ikoreshwe hafi yikigereranyo cya Apollo. Nubwo nubwo CertainTeed idakora amabati, sisitemu ya Apollo irashobora gukoreshwa kuri kiriya gisenge kidasanzwe idafite amabati yabigenewe.
Stevens yagize ati: "Turi amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba. Tumaze hafi imyaka 10. Tuzi ibicuruzwa byacu n'icyo bikora." Ati: “Ariko kuri ubu, ibisenge by'izuba ni 2% by'isoko gusa.”
Niyo mpamvu CertainTeed itanga imirasire y'izuba yuzuye yiyongera ku zuba ryayo. Ibicuruzwa byombi byakusanyirijwe muri OEM i San Jose, muri Californiya.
Stevens yagize ati: "Ni ngombwa kuri twe kugira [imirasire y'izuba gakondo na shitingi y'izuba] kugira ngo tugire igihagararo cyiza mu nganda. Iraduha amahitamo meza n'amahitamo meza." Ati: “Apollo ashimisha abantu kubera ko ari hasi cyane [kandi] ishimishije mu buryo bwiza. Hanyuma bakabona igiciro kiri hejuru gato.” Ariko abashiraho bamweTeed barashobora gutanga sisitemu gakondo ya rack-nizuba-nkibikoresho bihendutse.
Urufunguzo rwo gutsinda kwa CertainTeed ni ugukora binyuze murusobe rwabacuruzi. Abakiriya barashobora kugera kubutaka bwambaye ubusa hanyuma bagafungura igitekerezo cyizuba nyuma yo kuvugana numwe mubihumbi byamazu ya CertTeed yemewe mugihugu hose.
Stevens yagize ati: "Imirasire y'izuba imaze igihe hanze. Ariko kugira sosiyete nka GAF na CertainTeed bizana ayo makuru ku gisenge ni ikintu gikomeye." Ati: "Ni urugamba kuri izo Dows na SunTegras kugira ayo masano. Baregera ibisenge, ariko biragoye kuko ntabwo basanzwe bifitanye isano na shitingi ya asfalt."
Kimwe na CertainTeed, GAF nigice cyizuba,Ingufu za GAF. Isanzwe kandi ifite uruhare runini rwububiko bwa module binyuze mu itangwa ryayo rya DecoTech, ingufu za GAF ubu zirimo guhindura icyerekezo cyacyo gishya cy’imirasire y'izuba: Timberline Solar Energy Shingle.
Reynolds Holmes, VP ishinzwe serivisi no gucunga ibicuruzwa, Reynolds Holmes yagize ati: "Ibitekerezo byacu duhereye ku gishushanyo mbonera no mu iterambere byari, 'Reka dukore igisenge gishobora kubyara amashanyarazi va kugerageza gufata ibintu bituruka ku mirasire y'izuba hanyuma tukabikubita hasi kugira ngo bihuze igisenge.' "GAF Energy ifatanya n’isosiyete ifite abashoramari bagera ku 10,000 bemewe bashyiramo shitingi ya asfalt. Niba ushobora gufata iyo shingiro ya shitingi ya asfalt, shushanya uburyo bwo gukora [izuba] nka shitingi ya asifalt, ntuhindure imbaraga zabakozi, ntuhindure ibikoresho byashyizweho ariko dushobora gutanga amashanyarazi ningufu binyuze muri ibyo bicuruzwa - Ndatekereza ko dushobora kubikuramo."
Imirasire y'izuba ya Timberline igera kuri 64- kuri 17-in, mugihe igice cyizuba (umurongo umwe wa selile 16 zaciwe kabiri zitanga 45 W) gipima 60- kuri 7.5-in. Igice cyiyongereye kitari izuba mubyukuri ibikoresho byo gusakara TPO kandi bikomekwa kumusenge.
Holmes yagize ati: "Twashizeho uburyo bwo gukoreshwa n'umuntu umwe ufite imbunda y'imisumari. Twageze kuri ubwo burebure buri hejuru ya 60 muri.
Imirasire y'izuba yashyizwe hamwe na shitingi ya Timberline Solar HD, ifite ubunini bwihariye (40-in.) Shitingi ya asifalt hejuru yinzu. Mugihe ibicuruzwa byombi bigabanijwe na 10, ishusho itangaje ya shitingi ikozwe nigisenge irashobora gushyirwaho byoroshye. Sisitemu yose ya Timberline Solar (ikusanyirijwe mu ruganda rukora ingufu za MW 50 MW GAF i San Jose, muri Kaliforuniya) yateguwe mu buryo bworoshye bwo kwishyiriraho - umuhuza uri hejuru y’izuba kandi utwikiriwe n’ingabo ikingira igisenge kimaze gushyirwaho.
Uruganda rwa TexasIgisengeni umwe mubacuruzi 10,000 ba GAF bazashyira ibicuruzwa bya Timberline Solar nkuko bizagenda mu gihugu hose. Shaunak Patel, umujyanama w’urugo muri Roof Fix, yavuze ko iyi sosiyete mbere yashyizeho ibicuruzwa bya DecoTech kandi ko akenshi yatangaga ibibazo bijyanye n’andi masosiyete akoresha izuba, cyane cyane Tesla. Patel yakunze gushimangira ko ari byiza gukorana na sosiyete ikora ibisenge aho guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga.
Ati: "Tesla ni uburyo bwiza bwo kwishyiriraho ibiciro. Ufite toni yinjira mu gisenge cyawe. Ufite izi ngingo zose zishobora kunanirwa, cyane cyane mu kigo kidakora ibisenge". Ati: "Turi isosiyete ikora ibisenge. Ntabwo turi isosiyete ikora izuba igerageza gukora ibisenge."
Mu gihe ibicuruzwa by’izuba bya GAF Energy na CertainTeed bidahuye neza nkibyo Tesla igerageza, Holmes yavuze ko ibyifuzo bifatika ku bwiza atari byo bibangamira iterambere ry’isoko rya BIPV - igipimo ni.
Ati: “Ugomba gukora no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa byiza bifite igiciro cyoroshye, ariko ugomba no kubaka ibikorwa remezo kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bishoboke”. Ati: "Ikintu twishingikirije cyane kandi dufata ibyemezo byo gushushanya wenda kurwanya kuba imbaraga zisumba izindi ni ukureba ko ishobora gushyirwaho n'uru rusobe rukomeye 10,000. Iyo umunsi urangiye, niba ufite ibicuruzwa byiza byujuje ibyifuzo byose ariko ntamuntu numwe ushobora kubishyiraho, ushobora no kuba udafite ibicuruzwa byiza."
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-05-2022