Uburyo Imirasire y'izuba hamwe n'ibidukikije byo mumujyi birashobora kurushaho kubaho neza

Nubwo imirasire y'izuba igenda igaragara cyane mumijyi minini kwisi, muri rusange haracyari ibiganiro bihagije bijyanye nuburyo kwinjiza izuba bizagira ingaruka mubuzima n'imikorere yimijyi.Ntabwo bitangaje kuba aribyo.Nyuma ya byose, ingufu z'izuba zifatwa nk'ikoranabuhanga risukuye kandi ryatsi (ugereranije) byoroshye gushiraho, kubungabunga, no kubikora muburyo buhendutse cyane.Ariko ibyo ntibisobanura ko gufata izuba ryinshi nta kibazo.

Ku bifuza kubona ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga ry’izuba ryiyongera, kumva neza uburyo kwinjiza kwabo mu mijyi bishobora kugirira akamaro urusobe rw’ibidukikije ni ngombwa, ndetse no kuzirikana ibibazo byose biboneka muri kano karere.Muri urwo rwego, John H. Armstrong, Andy J. Kulikowski II, na Stacy M. Philpottvuba aha “Imijyi ishobora kongera ingufu hamwe nibidukikije: guhuza ibimera hamwe nizuba ryubatswe nizuba byongera arthropod ubwinshi bwamatsinda yibikorwa byingenzi”,mu kinyamakuru mpuzamahanga cya Urban Ecosystems.Uyu mwanditsi yishimiye cyane kuvugana naboJohn H. Armstrongkubazwa bijyanye n'iki gitabo n'ibisubizo byacyo.

Urakoze kumwanya wawe, John.Ntushobora kuvuga bike kubijyanye n'amateka yawe hamwe ninyungu muriki gice?

Ndi Assistant Professor wubushakashatsi bwibidukikije muri kaminuza ya Seattle.Nkora ubushakashatsi ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere no gufata ingamba zirambye, nkibanda cyane cyane ku mijyi no mu zindi nzego z’ibanze.Ubushakashatsi butandukanye ni ingenzi mu gukemura ibibazo bigenda bigorana, kandi nishimiye gukora ubu bushakashatsi hamwe n’abandi banditsi kugira ngo nkore ubushakashatsi ku ngaruka z’ibidukikije ziterwa n’iterambere ry’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu mu mijyi iterwa na politiki y’ikirere.

Urashobora guha abasomyi bacu incamake "snapshot" yubushakashatsi bwawe?

Ubushakashatsi, bwatangajwe muriIbidukikije byo mu mijyi, niyambere ireba imijyi izuba ryubatswe nimbaraga zizuba hamwe nibinyabuzima.Twibanze kuri parikingi yizuba hamwe na arthropods, bigira uruhare runini mubidukikije byo mumijyi, tureba ingaruka zimiturire hamwe nuburyo bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije.Duhereye ku bushakashatsi umunani bwakorewe i San Jose na Santa Cruz, muri Kaliforuniya, twasanze guhuza ibimera hamwe n’izuba ry’izuba byari ingirakamaro, byongera ubwinshi nubukire bwa arthropode yibidukikije.Muri make,imirasire y'izuba irashobora gutsindira guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere n’imikorere y’ibidukikije, cyane cyane iyo ihujwe n’ibimera.

Urashobora gusobanura bike bikikije impamvu ibintu byihariye byatoranijwe, urugero ni ukubera iki radiyo 2km yatoranijwe kurubuga umunani rwiga rwagaragaye muri ubu bushakashatsi?

Twasuzumye ahantu hatandukanye hatuwe hamwe n’imiterere y’imiterere nkintera y’ibimera biri hafi, umubare w’indabyo, hamwe n’ibiranga ubutaka bikikije kilometero 2.Twashyizemo ibi nibindi bihinduka dushingiye kubyo ubundi bushakashatsi - nk'abareba ubusitani bwabaturage - basanze bushobora kuba moteri yingenzi ya arthropod.

Kubantu bose batarashima byimazeyo imbaraga zingufu zishobora kubaho nibidukikije mumijyi, utekereza ko ari ikihe kintu cyingenzi kuri bo kugirango bumve akamaro kacyo?

Kubungabunga urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima mu mijyi ni ingenzi mu gutanga serivisi zitandukanye z’ibidukikije nko kweza ikirere.Byongeye kandi, imijyi myinshi iri mubice bikungahaye ku binyabuzima bifite akamaro kubinyabuzima bigenda byangirika.Mu gihe imijyi igenda ifata iyambere mu bijyanye n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, benshi barashaka guteza imbere ingufu zituruka ku mirasire y'izuba ku butaka muri parikingi, imirima, parike, n'ahantu hafunguye.

Ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu mu mijyi zirashobora kugira uruhare runini mu kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, ariko kandi ni ngombwa gusuzuma ingaruka z’ibinyabuzima n’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye.Niba iterambere ryibasiye parike n'utundi turere karemano, ibyo bizagira izihe ngaruka?Ubu bushakashatsi bwerekana ko ingufu zituruka ku zuba zikomoka ku butaka muri parikingi zishobora kugirira akamaro ibidukikije, cyane cyane iyo ibimera byinjijwe munsi y’izuba.Ubwanyuma, ingaruka zibidukikije zingufu zishobora kongera ingufu mumijyi zigomba gutekerezwa kandi amahirwe yo gufatanya nkaya agomba gushakishwa.

Ni ayahe makuru yahishuwe ubu bushakashatsi bwagutangaje?

Natunguwe n'ubwinshi nubwinshi bwa arthropods munsi yizuba rya parikingi yizuba, nuburyo ingaruka ibimera bigira utitaye kubindi bintu nyaburanga.

Muri rusange, ni iki wumva abayobozi ba leta batarasobanukirwa neza cyangwa ngo bamenye icyifuzo cyo kubungabunga ibidukikije mumijyi yacu hifashishijwe ubu bushakashatsi?

Akenshi, akamaro k'ibinyabuzima mubidukikije byo mumijyi ntikamenyekana.Mugihe imijyi yagutse kandi abantu benshi bakaba mumijyi, urusobe rwibinyabuzima no kubungabunga urusobe rwibinyabuzima bigomba guhuzwa mugutegura imijyi.Mubihe byinshi, hashobora kubaho amahirwe yo gufatanya inyungu.

Kurenga kumyanzuro yibanze, mubindi bice ubu bushakashatsi bushobora gutanga inyungu mukubaka imyumvire yacu?

Ubu bushakashatsi buhuza kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere no kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima mu mijyi, byerekana ko hari amahirwe yo guhuza ingamba z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, iterambere ry’ubukungu bwaho, no kubungabunga ibidukikije.Mu buryo nk'ubwo, imijyi igomba guharanira gukurikirana intego nyinshi ziterambere zirambye icyarimwe no gushaka inyungu.Twizere ko, ubu bushakashatsi buzafasha gutekereza ku micungire y’ubushakashatsi n’ubushakashatsi ku bijyanye n’ibidukikije ndetse n’amahirwe yo kubungabunga iterambere ry’imijyi ishobora kongera ingufu.

Hanyuma, futurology yayo yunvikana ntisobanutse ariko gukoresha parikingi muri ubu bushakashatsi bitera kwibaza ikibazo kijyanye nigihe kizaza cyimijyi kuko kijyanye nimodoka zitwara ibinyabiziga, izamuka ryakazi kuva murugo (urakoze kuri coronavirus) ), na Co Ni mu buhe buryo wumva impinduka muburyo dukoresha umwanya nka parikingi mugihe kizaza kubera ibintu bimaze kuvugwa bishobora kugira uruhare mubushakashatsi burambye no gukoresha?

Imijyi yuzuyemo ubuso bunini butagaragara, bukunda guhuzwa ningaruka mbi z’ibidukikije.Haba parikingi, aho bisi zihagarara, ibibuga, cyangwa ibisa nayo, utwo turere dushobora kuba ahantu heza ho gutekereza ku guteza imbere imirasire y'izuba ikomoka ku butaka, kandi hashobora kubaho inyungu zo guhuza ibimera.

Ku bijyanye n'ejo hazaza h'imijyi, ubushishozi ubwo aribwo bwose butwongerera gusobanukirwa uburyo bwo kurushaho guhuza neza izuba no guhuza izuba bigomba gushimirwa, kandi twizere ko bizashyirwa mubikorwa nabashinzwe gutegura imijyi imbere.Mugihe dushakisha kubona imijyi yigihe kizaza ifite isuku, icyatsi, kandi cyuzuye imirasire yizuba hejuru yumuhanda, hejuru yubururu, ibinyabiziga bitwara abantu, nibindi bikorwa remezo.